RELIABLE COPYRIGHT TEST QUESTIONS - COPYRIGHT HIGH PASSING SCORE

Reliable copyright Test Questions - copyright High Passing Score

Reliable copyright Test Questions - copyright High Passing Score

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ISC copyright (copyright Security Professional) Exam is a globally recognized certification for information security professionals. It is a highly sought-after certification for those who want to demonstrate their expertise in information security and advance their careers in this field. The copyright Certification is offered by the International Information System Security Certification Consortium (ISC)², which is a non-profit organization that specializes in information security education and certification.

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ISC copyright Security Professional (copyright) Sample Questions (Q622-Q627):

NEW QUESTION # 622
An organization is recycling its old workstations and wants to ensure there is no retrievable data.
What is the MOST secure way to achieve this?

  • A. Discard the drives through a third-party vendor providing drive disposal.
  • B. Clear the data on the drives by using a secure data erasure program.
  • C. Purge the data on the drives by using a degausser.
  • D. Destroy the tries by using a shredding device.

Answer: D

Explanation:
Physically destroying the drives using a shredding device ensures that the data cannot be recovered by any means. This method is considered the most secure because it completely eliminates the possibility of data retrieval.


NEW QUESTION # 623
Which of the following statements pertaining to IPSec is incorrect?

  • A. Integrity and authentication for IP datagrams are provided by AH.
  • B. A security association has to be defined between two IPSec systems in order for bi- directional communication to be established.
  • C. In transport mode, ESP only encrypts the data payload of each packet.
  • D. ESP provides for integrity, authentication and encryption to IP datagrams.

Answer: B

Explanation:
This is incorrect, there would be a pair of Security Association (SA) needed for bi directional communication and NOT only one SA. The sender and the receiver would both negotiate an SA for inbound and outbound connections.
The two main concepts of IPSec are Security Associations (SA) and tunneling. A Security
Association (SA) is a simplex logical connection between two IPSec systems. For bi- directional communication to be established between two IPSec systems, two separate
Security Associations, one in each direction, must be defined.
The security protocols can either be AH or ESP.
NOTE FROM CLEMENT:
The explanations below are a bit more thorough than what you need to know for the exam.
However, they always say a picture is worth one thousands words, I think it is very true when it comes to explaining IPSEC and it's inner working. I have found a great article from
CISCO PRESS and DLINK covering this subject, see references below.
Tunnel and Transport Modes
IPSec can be run in either tunnel mode or transport mode. Each of these modes has its own particular uses and care should be taken to ensure that the correct one is selected for the solution:
Tunnel mode is most commonly used between gateways, or at an end-station to a gateway, the gateway acting as a proxy for the hosts behind it.
Transport mode is used between end-stations or between an end-station and a gateway, if the gateway is being treated as a host-for example, an encrypted Telnet session from a workstation to a router, in which the router is the actual destination.
As you can see in the Figure 1 graphic below, basically transport mode should be used for end-to-end sessions and tunnel mode should be used for everything else.
FIGURE: 1
IPSEC Transport Mode versus Tunnel Mode
Tunnel and transport modes in IPSec.
Figure 1 above displays some examples of when to use tunnel versus transport mode:
Tunnel mode is most commonly used to encrypt traffic between secure IPSec gateways, such as between the Cisco router and PIX Firewall (as shown in example A in Figure 1).
The IPSec gateways proxy IPSec for the devices behind them, such as Alice's PC and the
HR servers in Figure 1. In example A, Alice connects to the HR servers securely through the IPSec tunnel set up between the gateways.
Tunnel mode is also used to connect an end-station running IPSec software, such as the
Cisco Secure VPN Client, to an IPSec gateway, as shown in example B.
In example C, tunnel mode is used to set up an IPSec tunnel between the Cisco router and a server running IPSec software. Note that Cisco IOS software and the PIX Firewall sets tunnel mode as the default IPSec mode.
Transport mode is used between end-stations supporting IPSec, or between an end-station and a gateway, if the gateway is being treated as a host. In example D, transport mode is used to set up an encrypted Telnet session from Alice's PC running Cisco Secure VPN
Client software to terminate at the PIX Firewall, enabling Alice to remotely configure the
PIX Firewall securely.
FIGURE: 2
IPSEC AH Tunnel and Transport mode
AH Tunnel Versus Transport Mode
Figure 2 above, shows the differences that the IPSec mode makes to AH. In transport mode, AH services protect the external IP header along with the data payload. AH services protect all the fields in the header that don't change in transport. The header goes after the
IP header and before the ESP header, if present, and other higher-layer protocols.
As you can see in Figure 2 above, In tunnel mode, the entire original header is authenticated, a new IP header is built, and the new IP header is protected in the same way as the IP header in transport mode.
AH is incompatible with Network Address Translation (NAT) because NAT changes the source IP address, which breaks the AH header and causes the packets to be rejected by the IPSec peer.
FIGURE: 3
IPSEC ESP Tunnel versus Transport modes
ESP Tunnel Versus Transport Mode
Figure 3 above shows the differences that the IPSec mode makes to ESP. In transport mode, the IP payload is encrypted and the original headers are left intact. The ESP header is inserted after the IP header and before the upper-layer protocol header. The upper-layer protocols are encrypted and authenticated along with the ESP header. ESP doesn't authenticate the IP header itself.
NOTE: Higher-layer information is not available because it's part of the encrypted payload.
When ESP is used in tunnel mode, the original IP header is well protected because the entire original IP datagram is encrypted. With an ESP authentication mechanism, the original IP datagram and the ESP header are included; however, the new IP header is not included in the authentication.
When both authentication and encryption are selected, encryption is performed first, before authentication. One reason for this order of processing is that it facilitates rapid detection and rejection of replayed or bogus packets by the receiving node. Prior to decrypting the packet, the receiver can detect the problem and potentially reduce the impact of denial-of- service attacks.
ESP can also provide packet authentication with an optional field for authentication. Cisco
IOS software and the PIX Firewall refer to this service as ESP hashed message authentication code (HMAC). Authentication is calculated after the encryption is done. The current IPSec standard specifies which hashing algorithms have to be supported as the mandatory HMAC algorithms.
The main difference between the authentication provided by ESP and AH is the extent of the coverage. Specifically, ESP doesn't protect any IP header fields unless those fields are encapsulated by ESP (tunnel mode).
The following were incorrect answers for this question:
Integrity and authentication for IP datagrams are provided by AH This is correct, AH provides integrity and authentication and ESP provides integrity, authentication and encryption.
ESP provides for integrity, authentication and encryption to IP datagrams. ESP provides authentication, integrity, and confidentiality, which protect against data tampering and, most importantly, provide message content protection.
In transport mode, ESP only encrypts the data payload of each packet. ESP can be operated in either tunnel mode (where the original packet is encapsulated into a new one) or transport mode (where only the data payload of each packet is encrypted, leaving the header untouched).
Reference(s) used for this question:
Hernandez copyright, Steven (2012-12-21). Official (ISC)2 Guide to the copyright CBK, Third
Edition ((ISC)2 Press) (Kindle Locations 6986-6989). Auerbach Publications. Kindle
Edition.
and
http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=25477
and
http://documentation.netgear.com/reference/sve/vpn/VPNBasics-3-05.html


NEW QUESTION # 624
You have been tasked with developing a Business Continuity Plan/Disaster Recovery (BCP/DR) plan. After several months of researching the various areas of the organization, you are ready to present the plan to Senior Management.
During the presentation meeting, the plan that you have dutifully created is not received positively. Senior Management is not convinced that they need to enact your plan, nor are they prepared to invest any money in the plan.
What is the BEST reason, as to why Senior Management is not willing to enact your plan?

  • A. The business case was not initially made and thus did not secure their support.
  • B. They were not included in any of the Business Impact Assessment meetings.
  • C. A Business Impact Assessment was not performed.
  • D. They were not included in any of the Risk Assesment meetings.

Answer: A

Explanation:
The following answers are incorrect:
-
They were not included in any of the Risk Assesment meetings.
-
They were not included in any of the Business Impact Assessment meetings.
-A Business Impact Assessment was not performed.
From the official Guide: "Before the project can even start, it must have total senior management support. Without that support, this project will fail. To convince leadership that the organization needs to build an enterprise-wide BC and DR plan, the planner must sell the importance of the program to the leadership. Senior leadership in any organization has two major goals: grow the business and protect the brand. Business continuity and DR have little to do with growing the business and everything to do with protecting the brand. It is still a hard sell because unless the organization actually has a disaster; the value of the time, money and people resources to build the plan are going to be suspect because it takes away from goal number one, grow the business....
To convince leadership of the need to build a viable DR and BCP, the planner needs to help them understand the risk they are accepting by not having one and the cost to the corporation if a disaster were to occur. The risks to the corporation are found in three areas; financial (how much money the corporation stands to lose), reputational (how badly the corporation will be perceived by its customers and its shareholders), and regulatory (fines or penalties incurred, lawsuits filed against them). There is also the potential that the leaders of the organization could be held personally liable, financially and even criminally, if it is determined that they did not use due care to adequately protect the corporation."
Exam tip: Don't be suprised to see some of these 'soft' questions on the exam. It's important that you take in some of the business side of the chapters than just the technical sides.
Tip from Mike: Way too often, senior management will come down and instruct us that they need a Distaster Recovery plan. Do not make the mistake of assuming that it means you will have their support once the plan is created. While the answer of a BIA was not performed seems right, unless the business case was made sucessfully to the point where you secured their unequivical support (preferrably in writing), your plan will not be accepted the way you would hope.
There is a structure in the way these things need to occur and a big part of it is to secure Senior Managements support. When you are initially tasked, that is the perfect time to sit down with them and ask what their anticipated goals are. It is fine to guide them to the general areas that they should be looking at, but in the end the direction MUST come from them. It is during that time period that you should inform them of the different steps that need to occur; BIA, Risk Assessment (quantitative vs qualititave).
Insist on performing a BIA, even if it is scaled down to meet their goals. If they don't understand why you would do a BIA and assesment, explain to them that you don't want to waste precious resources (time and money) on areas that don't need to protected further. That your goal is the same as theirs, "protecting the brand".
The BIA will force them to look at the potential losses from one of their main tenets "Protect the Brand". Only after they agree to the results of the BIA can you be certain that the business case has been made and you will most likely have their support.
Be prepared to wear your business hat, as you will need to present hard numbers to make your case.
The following reference(s) were/was used to create this question: Tipton, Harold F. (2010-04-20). Official (ISC)2 Guide to the copyright CBK, Third Edition ((ISC)2 Press), Chapter 8 Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery Planning, Pages 1092-1093


NEW QUESTION # 625
Which of the BEST internationally recognized standard for evaluating security products and systems?

  • A. Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX)
  • B. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
  • C. Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards (PCI-DSS)
  • D. Common Criteria (CC)

Answer: D

Explanation:
Section: Security Architecture and Engineering


NEW QUESTION # 626
Which of the following statements pertaining to biometrics is false?

  • A. Biometrics are based on the Type 2 authentication mechanism.
  • B. The crossover error rate is the point at which false rejection rate equals the false acceptance rate.
  • C. Increased system sensitivity can cause a higher false rejection rate
  • D. False acceptance rate is also known as Type II error.

Answer: A

Explanation:
Authentication is based on three factor types: type 1 is something you know, type 2 is something you have and type 3 is something you are. Biometrics are based on the Type 3 authentication mechanism. Source: KRUTZ, Ronald L. & VINES, Russel D., The copyright Prep Guide: Mastering the Ten Domains of Computer Security, John Wiley & Sons, 2001, Chapter 2: Access control systems (page 37).


NEW QUESTION # 627
......

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